1.表示原因

1)there are three reasons for this.

2)the reasons for this are as follows.

3)the reason for this is obvious.

4)the reason for this is not far to seek.

5)the reason for this is that...

6)we h***e good reason to believe that...

例： there are three reasons for the changes that h***e taken place in our life.firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved.secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like.last but not least，more and more people pfer to enjoy modern life.

注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：great changes h***e taken place in our life. there are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。

2.表示好处

1)it has the following advantages.

2)itoes us a lot of good.

3)it benefits us quite a lot.

4)it is beneficial to us.

5)it is of great benefit to us.

例： books are like friends.they can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us.

3.表示坏处

1)it has moreisadvantages than advantages.

2)itoes us much harm.

3)it is harmfulto us.

例： however，everything pidesinto two.television can also be harmful to us.it cano harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion.

4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1)it is important(necessary，difficult，convenient， possible)for sb.too sth.

2)we think it necessary too sth.

3)it plays an important role in our life.

例： computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business.soon， computers will be found in every home，too.we h***e good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we h***e stepped into the computer age.

5.表示措施

1)we should take some effective measures.

2)we should try our best to overcome(conquer)theifficulties.

3)we shouldo our utmost inoing sth.

4)we should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.

例： the housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it.

6.表示变化

1)some changes h***e taken place in the past five years.

2)a great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.

3)the computer has brought about many changes in education.

例： some changes h***e taken place in people’siet in the past five years.the major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.

7.表示事实、现状

1)we cannot ignore the fact that...

2)no one caneny the fact that...

3)there is noenying the fact that...

4)this is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.

5)however，that’s not the case.

例： we cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.to solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution.the government on its part should alsoesign stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.

8.表示比较

1)compared with a，b...

2)i pfer to read rather than watch tv.

3)there is a striking contrast between them.

例： compared with cars，bicycles h***e several advantages besides being affordable.firstly，theyo not consume natural resources of petroleum.secondly，theyo not cause the pollution problem.last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving themue physical exercise.

9.表示数量

1)it has increased(decreased)from...to...

2)the population in this city has now increased (decreased)to 800，000.

3)the output of july in this factory increased by 15% compared with that of january.

例： with the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food hasecreased while that spent on education has increased.

再如： from the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an ***erage of lethan two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.

注：“from the graph listed above，it can be seen that”见句式12。考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起，便可较好地写出2002年6月cet -4、6短文写作的第一段。